Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Coordination as a Component of Organisational Culture - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2190 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Impact of Coordination as a component of Organizational Culture on teamwork Coordination always involves a Coordinating of Project Actions and principles for doing the job well in an organization. Flick (2006) sometimes it also involves a Coordinating of Project People in a design team if you are a supervisor, or a team member who is serving as an unofficial leader. A basic coordinating of design-actions is similar for your own actions or a teams actions; Coordinating the design-actions of your team members can be done by direct decisions (if you decide what they should do and when) and indirect delegation (if you give them responsibility for some of their own action-decisions), in whatever balance you think will be most effective, when all things are considered,Babbie (2003).As described above, you use the two parts of a Teaching Strategy, appropriately adapted for the context of your project and people, by encouraging your team members to develop use their own Strategies for Learning-and-Performance, for delegated responsibilities and by developing usi ng your own Supervising Strategies. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Coordination as a Component of Organisational Culture" essay for you Create order Producing Teamwork: When a group works on a design project, especially the leaders, official and unofficial à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â¬ should consider the social aspects of the process. They should design strategies for optimizing their use of resources in a way that helps individuals enjoy their work and gain satisfaction from it, while building an à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã
âusà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã feeling in the group with good attitudes toward each other, as co-workers and as people. Doing this well requires skillful cognition plus aware à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã
âexternal met cognitionà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã in the social context of their working environment. Those being supervised also play valuable roles by doing their jobs with skill, and being good team members.Overcoming Challenges: A group may have to cope with the pressures of a difficult project when their work is constrained by the limitations of time deadlines and resource budgets. There might be interpersonal tensions between some people, or institutional structures that hinder teamwork. Hess (2001) any of these factors, and others, can put a strain on individuals, their relationships, and the teamwork; in addition to the harmful personal effects for the people involved, the practical effects for a business can be a decrease in the effectiveness of a design process and the quality of a resulting solution. Supervisors and other leaders, as part of their official or unofficial responsibilities, can try to develop strategies for achieving the best possible process-of-design and results-of-design, in ways that are also personally beneficial for the people on their team. Information and communication technology enables accomplishment of work to become independent of time and place. People now work at various locations and participate in the work of one or more organizations. Organizational forms are increasingly based on distributed working practices and localized decision-making. This offers many advantages for both the workers and th e organizations but induces considerable coordination costs. At the same time, traditional coordination mechanisms based on predefined organizational constructs such as formal structures, procedures, methods and plans, are no longer satisfactory in a business environment of globalization and rapid change. New mechanisms are needed and a large number of organizations adopt various forms of flexible and decentralized work management All coordination intensive organizations are characterized by local control over job allocation and day-to-day work planning and control. Examples of organizational forms of this type are All fieldwork at the customer service teams of a majorUK telecommunications company is coordinated by their in-house operational support system (OSS). The OSS is based on a combination of large monolithic applications, including a personnel database. The system processes the requests for work for the next day to produce a work schedule for the field engineer repair tea ms. A task is dispatched to a worker by sending a message to his or her hand-held terminal. Salas et al (2009). The basic assumption of dependency lends cohesion to the group by means of supporting the assumption that nourishment, protection, knowledge, and life can come only from the wisdom of a leader who is omnipotent and omniscient, akin to a magician. The basic assumption of fight/flight brings individuals together around the violent, excitation-saturated feeling that the salvation of the group and its individual members depends on the fact that their leader will enable them to identify, and then successfully fight or flee, a specific enemy either within or outside the group. The basic assumption of pairing enables the group to come together as such through the members sharing of an implicit, mysterious hope, sparked by the assumption that a couple will give birth to a messiah, a new guide, a new idea, or a new theory or ideology. Hersey (2007) narrates that team work is ess ential in corporate for better output and a better bonding among employees. No organization runs for charity. Targets must be met and revenues have to be generated. Tasks must not be kept pending for a long time and ought to be completed within the desired timeframe. A single brain canà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢t always come with solutions or take decisions alone. He needs someone with whom he can discuss his ideas. In a team, every team member has an equal contribution and each team member comes out with a solution best suited to the problem. All the alternatives can be explored to come out with the best possible solution. Higgs (1996) expresses that thoughts can be discussed among the team members and the pros and cons can be evaluated. Tasks are accomplished at a faster pace when it is done by a team rather than an individual. An individual will definitely take more time to perform if he is single handedly responsible for everything. When employees work together, they start helping each o ther and responsibilities are shared and thus it reduces the work load and work pressure. Every team member is assigned one or the other responsibility according to his specialization, level of interest and thus the output is much more efficient and faster. Work never suffers or takes a backseat in a team. Mike was taking care of an important client and was the only one coordinating with them. Mike took a long leave and there was no one else who could handle the client in his absence. When he joined back after a long vacation, the organization had already lost the client. Had Mike worked in a team, others could have taken the charge when he was not there. In a team, the other team members can perform and manage the work in the absence of any member and hence work is not affected much. There is always a healthy competition among the team members. Competition is always good for the employee as well as the organization as every individual feels motivated to perform better than hi s other team member and in a way contributing to his team and the organization. Team work is also important to improve the relations among the employees. Individuals work in close coordination with each other and thus come to know each other better. Team work also reduces the chances of unnecessary conflicts among the employees and every individual tries his level best to support his team member. The level of bonding increases as a result of team work. Team members can also gain from each other. Every individual is different and has some qualities. One can always benefit something or the other from his team members which would help him in the long run. Everyone is hungry for recognitions and praises. One feels motivated to work hard in a team and to live up to the expectations of the other members. Each member is a critic of the other and can correct him whenever the other person is wrong. One always has someone to fall back on at the time of crisis. Team and team work must be encou raged at workplace as it strengthens the bond among the employees and the targets can be met at a faster pace. Workload is shared and individuals feel motivated to perform better than his team members. 2.3 Impact of individual job satisfaction as a concept of team performance Teamwork theorists believe that if teams work well, have a common goal, are autonomous in their decision-making, and have responsibility and support, teamwork becomes a valuable experience for the workers involved. Working in a team empowers people and helps them develop autonomy, which is a source of profound job satisfaction and reduces stress(Hayes 2005).The relationship between the nature of work, working conditions and satisfaction is explained most often by the cited theory of à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"satisfactoryà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"dissatisfactorsà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ drawn up by Herzberg (Herzberg et al, 1957). According to this model, three classes of factors influence job satisfaction. The first class of factors leading to job satisfaction corresponds to the salary appraisal. The second category of factors relates to promotions and the third relate to working conditions. All these classes or categories can be denoted as satisfactors/motivators or as dissatisfactors. The latter types of factors tend to be described as à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"hygienic factorsà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ in relation to the working environment.The promotion and increment of salary do not ensure that all of the employees are satisfied in an organization. The other major factors are the staff appraisal process and the dealing of the managers with individual staff. In some cases the managers fail to adopt a professional appraisal process and respond positively to it. Beyond that, the managers cannot change their pre-occupied attitude or behaviour. Thus, they fail to take a fair appraisal process or fail to respond properly to the need of the employees. As the managers possess the authority to set the rules of the games, sometimes they are highly deviated or prejudiced for or against certain employees. Whatever, the result of the survey or appraisal say they take the decision on their own way. Sometimes the managers want to establish a power relationship to govern the organization and knowingly or unknowingly they use some trustees informationà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s for or against some employee. The trustees may not necessarily provide the right information as expected. Thomas (2008) 2.3.1Impact of salary as a component of job satisfaction on team Performance Pay refers to the amount of financial compensation that an individual receives as well as the extent to which such compensation is perceived to be equitable. According to Luthans (1998), salaries not only assist people to attain their basic needs, but are also instrumental in satisfying the higher level needs of people. Previous researches (Ojokuku and Sajuyigbe, 2009; Sajuyigbe, Olaoye and Adeyemi, 2013) discovered that pay is one of the most significant variables in explaining job performance and satisfaction. Frye (2004) also found that there is positive relationship between pay and performance. It was further concluded that pay plays vital role in human capital intensive firms to attract and retain expert workforce. In the research carried out by Sajuyigbe, Olaoye, and Adeyemi, (2013); Igalens and Roussel,(1999); Brudney and Coundry,(1993); and Tessema and Soeters, (2006) they found that pay has significant impact on job satisfaction and performance. Lambert, Hogan, Barton and Lubbock (2001) finding was in line with previous researchers who agreed that financial rewards have a significant impact on job satisfaction and performance. They concluded that, the greater the financial reward, the less worry employees have concerning their financial state, thereby enhancing their impression of their self-worth to the organization. According to Robbins et al. (2003), employees seek pay systems that are perceived as just, unambiguous, and in line with their expectations. Instead of motivating a single individual there is need to focus on selecting team members, the attitude of them, how to train the members, a constant appreciation, provision of equal promotions, other incentives like car, laptop etc. Unfortunately there is a lack of knowledge about construction of a team and its collective effort. (Belbin, 2006).Pay must relate to the accomplishment of goals, the company mission and vision. Any system that offers an employee the average increase for their indus try or length of service (usually 1-4 percent) is counter-productive to goal accomplishment. Even an above-average increase that differentiates one staff person from another can de-motivate. Additionally, the pay system must help one create the work culture one desires. Paying an individual for his / her performance accomplishments alone, will not help them develop the team environment one wants. Thus, one must carefully define the work culture he/she wants to create, and aim their best salary increases at those contributing to the success of that culture. If you want your organization to change, define the change, and pay employees commensurate with their support of and contribution to the change. Finally, the salary strategy must align with oneà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s human resources goals and strategies. If the HR function is charged with developing a highly skilled, outstanding workforce, one must pay above industry or regional averages to attract the quality employees one seeks. Paying less than comparable firms will bring mediocre employees and fail to fulfill the desire to create an outstanding workforce. If, on the other hand, the HR strategy is to get cheap labor in the door quickly with little regard for turnover, one can pay people less salary. Yvonne (2012) this will in fact not act as a motivation to staff and hence even achieving teamwork in the place might be a big challenge. 1
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Compare and Contrast the Ideas and Techniques of the...
Compare and Contrast the Ideas and Techniques of the Poets in the some of the Love Poems we have Studied Love is a very popular topic for poetry. This is because love is one of the only things that there is no scientific fact no true definition and can be thought of in so many different ways. Poets can use poems to portray all the different types of love that people feel, romantic, young, stereotypical, fake, possessive, physical, the list is endless. Three poems that portray some of these are ââ¬Å"The Fleaâ⬠, ââ¬Å"A Valediction: Forbidding Mourningâ⬠and ââ¬Å"A Woman to her Loverâ⬠. I like the poems ââ¬Å"The Fleaâ⬠and ââ¬Å"A Valediction: Forbidding Mourningâ⬠by John Donne because of the imagery and metaphors he uses to give us an understandingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Also it gives the image that wherever the circle starts it will always come back, just like the man will come back to the woman. ââ¬Å"Thy soule the fixt foot, takes no show To move, but doth, if thââ¬â¢other doe.â⬠In ââ¬Å"The Fleaâ⬠Donne uses yet another strong and prominent image, the flea, to try and persuade the woman in the poem to sleep with him. Donne shows the flea as something just as extreme as them sleeping together; because it has bitten both him and the lady their blood is mingled. ââ¬Å"Mee it suckââ¬â¢d first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea, our two bloods mingled bee;â⬠Since the 17-century idea was of sex as a mingling of the blood, he realises that by mixing their bloods together in its body, the flea has done what she didnt dare to do. This is a very shocking image but Donne uses it to contradict and almost trick the woman into sleeping with him. This is unlike ââ¬Å"A Valediction: Forbidding Mourningâ⬠. In ââ¬Å"A Woman to Her Loverâ⬠is almost the womanââ¬â¢s view to ââ¬Å"The Fleaâ⬠. In the third verse of ââ¬Å"A Woman to Her Loverâ⬠Christina talks of how her body is not something that her lover can use for his physical desires. ââ¬Å"My skin soft only for you fond caresses My body supple only for your sense delightâ⬠Christina uses alliteration of the soft fââ¬â¢s and sââ¬â¢s these gentleShow MoreRelatedAppreciation of Poem923 Words à |à 4 Pagesshould be read slowly and savored attentively. Poets employ different poetic techniques to convey their ideas, opinions, and express their feelings. Some poems can be understood easily while others seam vague. But whatever they are, they all contain some common elements of poetry such as theme, figurative language, and tone, etc. à ¡Ã §Constantly risking absurdity and deathà ¡Ã ¨ and à ¡Ã §betting on the museà ¡Ã ¨ are two poems which are written by two different poets. By comparing and contrasting these two poemsRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Way in Which Poets Present Ideas About Soldiers Leaving for War in Joining the Colours and The Send Off1031 Words à |à 5 Pagesexpress their feelings about soldiers leaving for war. Each have similar attitudes about the subject, but use different approaches to try and get their message across. Both question the popular concept of war, including ideas such as heroism and glory. Katherine Hinkson, the poet who wrote Joining the Colours, shows the scene from two different perspectives, that of the audience watching the soldiers and also her own point of view. Wilfred Owen simply shares his thoughts by describing the soldiersRead MorePoetry Comparative Essay Guide1500 Words à |à 6 PagesWriting A Good Comparative Essay ââ¬â GCSE Poetry You will be asked to compare two or more poems in your exam. You could be asked to write about the presentation of themes, people or places and the importance of language. A good comparative essay is like a multi-layered sandwich: â⬠¢ BREAD - A new point. â⬠¢ FILLING A - How one of your chosen poems illustrates this point. â⬠¢ FILLING B - How your other chosen poem illustrates this point. â⬠¢ BREAD - Your conclusion about this point. This is what the examinersRead MoreAp English Lit and Comp759 Words à |à 4 Pagessimilarities when exploring grieving process but also demonstrate its differences through literary techniques. They both utilized symbolism, imagery, and metaphorical language but showed differences in tone. Christina Rossetti and Henry Longfellow utilized symbolism to signify ideas and qualities by giving them symbolic meanings that guides the reader to understand the poem as a whole. In ââ¬Å"Rememberâ⬠, the poet incorporated the volta-the shift. Before line 9, the speaker insisted the beloved remember oughtRead MoreCompare the Ways Love Is Presented in Sonnet 43 and Ghazal1292 Words à |à 6 PagesCompare the way love is presented in ââ¬ËSonnet 43ââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËGhazalââ¬â¢ Both poems, Sonnet 43 and Ghazal convey emotions and passionate feelings of love in different ways. Sonnets and Ghazals are poem that are meant to express strong feelings of love. Khalvati and Barrett Browning chose them to illustrate their loving feelings to their lovers. Barrett Browning does not correctly carry out all the rules of Sonnets in her poem which gives an effect that she would do anything for her lover and that thereRead MoreLiterary and Non Literary Texts Essay example1368 Words à |à 6 PagesIn this paper I am going to compare and contrast a literary text (Education for Leisure by Carol Ann Duffy) and a non literary text (Newspaper article from ââ¬Å"The Independentâ⬠by Nigel Morris) focussing on the language features used, the structural and presentational devices, the use of correct punctuations, analyse the structure of the non literary text for bias and the techniques used to convey meaning and ideas by both authors. The objective of literary texts is to teach the readers a life lessonRead More Attitude Towards Love in Valentine and The Flea Essay1660 Words à |à 7 PagesThrough Close Analysis of Language, Structure and Theme, Compare and Contrast the Poets Attitude Towards Love in Valentine and The Flea. The two poems Valentine and The Flea are about the two different ways in which the poets portray their views about love, however the poems are still linked in a few ways. The Flea was published in the seventeenth century and was written by John Donne. Valentine was published in 1983 and was written by Carol Ann Duffy. Both poems are addressedRead MoreEssay How Romantic Was William Blake?1517 Words à |à 7 Pages The time period typically associated with the Romantic Poets and writers was one of the most turbulent to hit Europe ever. With the French Revolution sweeping the fields of Alsace, Lorraine and beyond, most monarchs, including those in England were wary of the new notions that were becoming common place among the commoners. Not since the Reformation of the 16th century was the continent in more turmoil. Yet with this build up of angst came a fertile bed for a new style of writing to grow inRead MoreRepresentation of Women in Poetry - Comparative Essay1479 Words à |à 6 PagesHow have the composers of the poems you will be discussing constructed their representations of women? Compare and contrast the themes and values represented in your two chosen poems. â⬠¨The representation of women have changed throughout the course of history. The Ruined Maid composed by Thomas Hardy and I Am Man-made by Susan Wicks both incorporate similar values of the submissive nature of women, yet do not fail to integrate two very different values of female sexuality and male dominance, respectivelyRead MoreJudith Wright And Sylvia Plaths Naked Girl And Mirror1458 Words à |à 6 Pagesto discuss the importance of her ideas. The parentheses highlight the submissive nature of women and the exclamation marks indicate an aggressive tone; these both enhance the idea of women breaking out of their shells and striving for more in life than just becoming a traditional mother and wife. Plath discusses the idea of feminism in a different perspective; she incorporates a simile and personification in one line of her poem ââ¬ËMorning Songââ¬â¢ in order to contrast the bond between a mother and child
Cinematic Role in September 11th 2001 free essay sample
A comparison between the medias delivery of news and film making. This paper looks at the role that the media plays in portraying and delivering news with special reference to the September 11th attacks on the World Trade Towers. The author argues that the way the media depicts news creates a situation in which reality becomes indistinguishable from film making. The medias use of techniques such as slow motion, repetition, development of characters and formation of anticipation in the audience in delivering news, is so similar to the way films are made, that to discern between boundaries of the media and real life becomes impossible. The Spectacle of horror, which took place on September 11th 2001, has left daunting unforgettable memories in the minds of all on lookers. The events of that day influenced so many individuals because of the vast reach of the media in our day-to-day lives. What happened on September 11th 2001 leaves many believing that real life has become indistinguishable from the movies. We will write a custom essay sample on Cinematic Role in September 11th 2001 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The increase in media control has taken off with in the cultural industry over the last 30 years. Televisions became mainstreamed into the family home in the 1970s with the invention of colour TV. These days more then 11 million Canadians have cable television. The mega trend of corporate capitalism in the post-industrial world has 7.5 million households online. Hollywood and American cinema account for the 2nd largest product surplus in North America. Ironically before the September 11th 2001 tragedies top grossing industry was the Airline Industry. Both the film and airline industries have seen drastic declines in profits since September 11th 2001.
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